How inverting amplifier works
Negative feedback holds the inverting input close to ground while the non-inverting input is grounded. The input and feedback resistors set a negative voltage gain: positive input produces negative output. The relationship applies while the amplifier operates within its supply limits.
The formula uses an ideal amplifier. The guest uses the generic op-amp model with high gain, negligible offset and low output resistance; it models saturation. Actual swing near the rails is model-dependent.
Change the form inputs or click a component value on the schematic. Choose Try in CircuitSim to simulate the configured circuit.